Immune-related gene expression in honey bee larva (Apis mellifera) exposed to plant extracts from Humulus lupulus with antimicrobial activity against Paenibacillus larvae

American foulbrood caused by Paenibacillus larvae brings with it several problems on beekeepers for the use of synthetic antibiotics, likewise led to appearance resistant strains and presence chemical residues in commercial products hive. In recent years, natural compounds control P. has increased. Herein, we propose determine value Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) a hydroalcoholic extract Humulus lupulus (hop) leaves Victoria variety strain, evaluate its toxicity effect expression three genes immune system honey bee larvae. For extract, MIC was 83.79 μg/mL. larvae, did not show toxicity, other hand presented down-regulation gene evaluated. The results obtained here are first report evaluation extracts related